Expert witness

Our expertise

Our experienced expert witnesses provide independent written and verbal evidence in both criminal and civil disputes within the waste management and environmental sector.

We don’t just support clients when issues escalate—we also offer early-stage advisory services for alleged non-compliance or disputes. Acting early can prevent escalation, and independent expert input at this stage can save significant time and cost.

Our expertise covers:

  • Criminal and civil cases related to waste and resources

  • Contractual disputes involving fuel supply agreements and specifications, project developments, process design, operations, and performance

  • Waste regulation and permitting compliance

  • Infrastructure development Issues, including feedstock and fuel disputes, waste composition, and non-performance

From initial consultation to formal proceedings, we provide proven expertise and the attention to details required to legal teams and advisors.

A pile of documents with markers in the pages

Client testimonial

‘We instructed ceres to provide expert evidence on a complex and high value PFI dispute in the waste sector. Their responsiveness and quality of work was exceptional, and they immediately gained the trust of our local authority client. Thank you!’

— Andrew Lancaster, Partner at Anthony Collins Solicitors LLP

Our Experts

Stephen is a highly respected individual with over 25 years’ experience in the waste resources, renewable energy, and environment sectors.  Stephen holds an Engineering Doctorate and BSc first with honours from Cranfield University.

Experience combines a strong technical, commercial, and operational background at a Board and senior level with extensive experience of working for waste contractors, developers, consultants, technical advisors, financial advisors, and legal advisors in the UK and internationally in both the private and public sector.

Stephen has worked at a senior level for international waste operators, and global engineering consultancies before setting up Ceres as an independent consultancy in 2018 to provide client focussed technical and commercial consultancy services within the waste, renewables, and environment sectors.

Stephen is a Fellow of the Chartered Institute of Wastes Management (CIWM) and Chairman of the Composting and Anaerobic Digestion Association of Ireland (Cre) Technical Committee.  Stephen has formally served as a Board Member and industrial advisor to the Industrial Biotechnology and Innovation Centre (IBioIC), a Trustee of CIWM and a Northwest Centre Councillor.

Stephen is a vetted on the UK Register of Expert Witnesses, more details can be found here: https://www.jspubs.com/search/index.htm.

A professionally dressed man with glasses

Dr Stephen Wise

Director, Bsc 1st(Hons) EngD Engineering, FCIWM

Simone has provided expert opinion for over 8 years in a range of criminal and civil cases.  She is practiced in producing clear and evidenced reports that reflect the duties of an expert and has given verbal evidence in court several times, being commended by the Judge one occasion for her clear and considered opinion.  She has also taken part in formal mediation processes.

She is a Chartered Waste Manager with over 25 years’ experience in waste and resource management.  She has worked in the waste industry as an environmental scientist and landfill manager, for the Environment Agency as a regulator and waste strategy lead, and for around 15 years in consultancy.  Simone also held a Certificate of Technical Competence (CoTC) for hazardous waste landfill.

Simone has an in-depth understanding of waste legislation and its application by the Regulator, including end-of-waste.  She has delivered several projects relating to waste and waste crime for the Environment Agency and this, combined with her experience as a regulating officer gives her good insight into their approach to compliance and enforcement.  In addition to expert opinion on active trials, Simone has also provided reports and verbal evidence on the environmental impacts of offences and the category of the impact in relation to the Sentencing Guideline and the avoided cost of disposal and other costs for POCA hearings. 

Simone also uses her knowledge and experience of the feedstock market, contracting and waste treatment infrastructure to support clients with commercial disputes.  These cases have involved issues such as feedstock/fuel quality and availability, the procurement of long-term local authority waste treatment contracts and historic waste received by landfill.  She can provide a range of support in these disputes including written evidence, supporting negotiation/arbitration and working with other experts to reach a position that both parties can agree.

Simone also supports clients that wish to avoid a costly dispute or enforcement action by a regulator by seeking an independent opinion.  This In these cases, Simone can provide an independent opinion and if necessary, recommend actions to resolve the issues and if necessary, agree mitigating action.

Simone is a vetted on the UK Register of Expert Witnesses, more details can be found here: https://www.jspubs.com/search/index.htm.

A lady with long curly blond hair

Simone Aplin

Director, BSc (Hons), MCIWM

Selected experience

  • Arial view of a landfill site

    Waste Management Company v’s City Authority - Commercial and contractual dispute

    Dr. Stephen Wise is providing expert opinion for a commercial and contractual dispute regarding the design, construction, delivery, and operation of an integrated waste management, recovery, and disposal facility is SE Asia.  The facilities in dispute include the landfill, composting plant, and materials sorting and recycling plant.

    The scope of his opinion covers the design, delivery, and performance of the composting plant, materials sorting and recycling plant, the green buffer zone, and the waste characterisation. He has also undertaken a visit to the site in Vietnam.

    This is an on-going dispute with a Tribunal hearing currently scheduled for 2026.

  • Refuse collection vehicle unloaded cardboard waste

    Civil claim - Local Authority treatment contract dispute

    Simone Aplin provided opinion for a civil claim between a unitary local Authority in England and their waste collection and treatment contractor.  this was a significant case and required expert input over a period of three years covering waste data, historic waste management practices, waste treatment processes, contract management and markets. Simone also provided expert input to a formal mediation process, through which both parties came to an agreement.

  • Anaerobic digestion facility with three tanks and two chimneys

    AD technology provider v Developer - Contractual dispute

    Dr Stephen Wise is providing expert opinion for a contractual dispute regarding the design and commissioning of an anaerobic digestion plant.

    The scope of his opinion covers the design, certification, and commissioning of the AD plant in relation to the contract and its relevant provisions.

    This is an on-going dispute.

  • Recycling bin

    Joint expert witness - permit compliance

    Simone Aplin was appointed as the joint expert in a civil claim involving a car breaker and the landlord. The landlord alleged that the operator was not running the site in accordance with the environmental permit and as such, was not minded to renew the lease.  Simone submitted an expert report, responded to questions and gave verbal evidence in the case.

  • A man dressed in PPE and standing on steps, looking down on a skip of waste paper.

    Waste Disposal Authority v’s Tier 1 waste company

    Dr Stephen Wise provided expert opinion in relation to the termination of the £2billion PFI contract and subsequent commercial dispute that alleged poor design, delivery and performance of the waste treatment infrastructure including enclosed composting plants, residual waste anaerobic digestion plants, energy recovery facilities, and household waste recycling centres.

    The scope of Stephen’s expert opinion covered the design, delivery, and operation of the four circa. 50ktpa, enclosed composting plants and whether these were suitable for composting the expected waste, whether they were compliant with the regulations, and whether the compost achieved end of waste status.

    The dispute was concluded following the Adjudication.

  • Landfilled waste

    Civil claim - historic landfilled waste

    Simone Aplin provided expert evidence in a civil dispute between an operator of a landfill site in Scotland and a national waste management company.  The dispute centred on the nature and behaviour in the landfill of a specific waste stream tipped by the company for around 20 years.  Simone submitted 2 expert reports covering the classification and testing of the waste, the obligations of the waste producer, the obligations of the landfill operator, environmental monitoring at the site and the potential environmental impact of the waste in the body of the landfill including engineering considerations. 

  • rotten vegetable waste

    Regulatory advice in relation to the disposal of a deceased estate

    Simone Aplin provided expert opinion on the extent of asbestos and waste contamination at a domestic property previously used as a commercial plant nursery.  The deceased occupier had allowed associates to dump building waste on the property which did not benefit from an environmental permit or exemption. Simone undertook a desk-based review of correspondence between the deceased and the Environment Agency regarding the offences and visited the site to identity the scale of contamination.  This resulted in an extensive report to the executors detailing findings and estimating the costs of dealing with the contamination.

  • Compacted residual waste

    Expert witness support to a small waste management company

    Simone Aplin provided expert opinion on the environmental impact of waste related offences that were committed on two sites in North Wales.  The offences involved the storage of waste in excess of permitted limits and in breach of the Fire Prevention Plan at one of the sites.  At the other, waste was stored without the benefit of an environmental permit.  Simone prepared an expert report for the sentencing hearing and attended to provide verbal evidence.

  • A tracked machine with a grab next to a pile of waste.  There is a lorry trailer in the background

    Criminal case - Environment Agency v a waste transfer station operator

    Simone provided expert opinion for this case which involved numerus alleged breaches of the environmental performance for a waste transfer station in the West Midlands.  Her report was commended by the Court and as a result, several charges were dropped.  The defendant pleaded guilty to the remaining charges and Simone provided a second report which provided opinion on the scale of environmental harm caused by these offences.  She also gave verbal evidence on this opinion in Court.

  • Piles of excavated soils

    Proceeds of Crime for a waste offence

    Simone Aplin provided expert opinion in POCA proceedings focused on the benefits accrued by the defendants by stockpiling rather than disposing of the waste they received into an illegal waste transfer station.  The expert evidence focused on the Environment Agency’s assessment of the volume, nature and tonnage of waste on site, together with its assessment of the appropriate disposal routes and costs of the stockpile which remained on site.  This amounted to in excess of £1M, however through written and verbal evidence presented under cross examination in Crown Court, Simone was able to demonstrate that there were other, less expensive disposal routes available and therefore that the scale of costs avoided was ~£200k.  Simone was subsequently commissioned by the judge to undertake further work to evaluate the cost of removing the waste and identify contractors to complete the work.

  • Waste on a line at a material recycling facility.

    Waste Disposal Authority v Waste treatment contractor

    Dr Stephen Wise provided expert opinion to a commercial dispute and contract termination regarding alleged deficiencies in the design, delivery, and performance of the 300ktpa Mechanical Biological Treatment Plant (MBT).

    The scope of Stephen’s opinion covered waste collection and quality of waste, the design of the MBT, and the performance of the MBT.

    The dispute was concluded following the Adjudication and an out of Court settlement.

  • Bales of cardboard

    Project developer v’s Technology provider - commercial and contractual dispute

    Dr Stephen Wise provided expert opinion for a commercial dispute relating to the EPC contract. The dispute centred around allegations of poor design, delivery, and performance of the gasification plant and mechanical pre-treatment plant.

    The scope of Stephen’s opinion covered he quality of the RDF fuel, the sampling and testing of the RDF fuel, the design and performance of the mechanical pre-treatment plant, quality assurance systems, and the impact of the RDF on the gasification plant.

    The dispute was concluded after a Court Hearing.

  • Documents spread out on a desk with a male hand holding a pen

    Contractual dispute between a waste treatment provider and Waste Disposal Authority

    Dr Stephen Wise provided expert opinion for a commercial dispute that followed the termination of a PFI contract. The dispute centred on allegations of poor design, delivery and performance of the mechanical biological treatment plant and gasification plant.

    The scope of Stephen’s opinion covered feedstock composition, the design and performance of the mechanical treatment process, process improvements, and the quality of the RDF.

    The dispute was concluded via an out of Court settlement

  • Refuse collection vehicle discharging waste cardboard.

    Opinion for a Tier 1 waste management company

    Simone Aplin provided expert opinion to a very large waste management company which was facing prosecution for flytipping offences as a result of the actions taken by the driver of a refuse collection vehicle to make safe a load in transit.  Simone travelled the route with the driver and visited the site of the incident before developing the report setting out her opinion.  The threat of prosecution was subsequently withdrawn.

  • Waste fire

    Sentencing hearing - Environmental impact of the offence

    Simone Aplin provided expert witness support to a defendant that had been prosecuted and jailed for offences that led to a fire on their waste transfer station.  The support focused on the environmental impact of the offences and the fire in order to inform the court’s sentencing decision in line with the Guidelines.  Simone was commended by the judge for the verbal evidence she gave in the hearing under cross-examination.

  • Large pile of waste seen through trees

    Proceeds of Crime hearing

    Simone Aplin gave expert opinion in a POCA claim where the Environment Agency was seeking to recover the proceeds of a major waste crime and for which the defendant had been jailed.  The case involved a number of sites at which waste had been deposited illegally and Simone’s input centred on the avoided costs of disposing of wastes on some of these sites. In order to produce an estimate, Simone undertook a detailed review of the evidence which included surveys, statements and photographs.  The assessment took into account the waste types, levels of contamination, potential gates fees/landfill tax etc.  Simone attended court and represented the defendant in discussions with the Environment Agency’s experts who agreed to align his estimate with Simone’s lower figure.

  • Rotting vegetation or compost

    Waste management company v’s equipment provider - Commercial dispute

    Dr Stephen Wise provided expert opinion for a commercial dispute regarding the operation of a windrow turner at an enclosed composting plant.

    The scope of his opinion in relation to the 100ktpa composting plant covered its design, operation, and compliance, plus the performance of the windrow turner.

    This dispute was concluded via an out of Court settlement.

  • Waste fire

    Environment Agency v operator of waste transfer stations

    Simone Aplin provided expert opinion to a high profile case in the South West of England involving a company that operated two waste management sites and suffered fires and compliance issues on both.   The case was complex and covered a number of issues including infrastructure, waste types and quantities together with the actions of the defendants. The trial was halted by an early guilty plea after the charges were amended.

  • Compacted waste

    Contractual dispute between an energy recovery operator and feedstock supplier

    Dr. Stephen Wise provided expert opinion for a commercial dispute between the parties which centred on whether the quality of the RDF supplied was responsible for the poor performance of the Energy Recovery Facility.

    The scope of Stephen’s opinion covered the selection of the fuel supplier, sampling and testing of the RDF, quality of the RDF, and the impact of the RDF on the costs of operating the plant.

    This dispute was concluded following Adjudication.